Quick guide to Vitamin E
Read the full guide
Essential For
Action as an antioxidant to provide protection for cells against free radical damage which may lead to disorders such as heart disease and cancer. It is particularly important in protecting fats, cell membranes, DNA and enzymes against damage.
Absorption and metabolism
Fats and bile are necessary for absorption.
Deficiency
This is rare. Symptoms in infants include irritability, fluid retention and anemia; and in adults, lethargy, loss of balance and anemia. Marginal deficiencies may increase the risk of heart disease, cancer and premature aging.
Sources
Good sources include wheatgerm, nuts and seeds, whole grain cereals, eggs and leafy greens.
Daily recommended dietary intakes
- Men - 10 mg alpha TE (15 IU)
- Women - 8 mg alpha TE (12 IU)
- Pregnancy - 10 mg alpha TE (15 IU)
- Lactation - 12 mg alpha TE (18 IU)
Toxic effects of excess intake
These are rare and include diarrhea, fatigue, bleeding and headache.
Therapeutic uses of supplements
Supplements have been used to treat and prevent many disorders including heart disease, cancer, cataracts, diabetes, asthma, Alzheimer’s disease and infertility. Natural forms of vitamin E may be more beneficial than synthetic forms.
Interactions
Vitamin E absorption is reduced by mineral oil, alcohol and the drug, cholestyramine.
Cautions
Supplements should not be taken with anticoagulant drugs and should be used cautiously by anyone with an overactive thyroid, hypertension or rheumatic heart disease.