Quick guide to Copper
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- normal metabolism
- healthy bones, joints, skin, blood vessels
- a healthy nervous system
- a healthy cardiovascular system
- the formation of haemoglobin in red blood cells
- a healthy immune system
- its action as an antioxidant
Absorption and metabolism
Copper is absorbed in the stomach and small intestine.
Deficiency
Copper deficiency leads to anemia, connective tissue defects, immune suppression, nerve problems and heart disease.
Sources
Good sources include seafood, meat and whole grains. Copper is also obtained from water pipes and cookware.
Daily recommended dietary intakes
Safe and adequate daily intake is estimated to range from 1.5 to 3 mg.
Toxic effects of excess intake
Toxic effects include fatigue, irritability, vomiting, diarrhea, liver problems and abnormal mental function. High copper levels, especially when associated with low zinc levels, are implicated in several diseases including mental disorders, joint and muscle problems, premenstrual syndrome and high blood pressure.
Therapeutic uses of supplements
Copper supplements have been used to treat heart disease and arthritis.
Interactions
Zinc and copper interact in many body functions.