Quick guide to Manganese
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- energy production
- the action of the antioxidant enzyme, superoxide dismutase
- protein metabolism, bone formation
- a healthy nervous system
Absorption and metabolism
Only 3 to 5 per cent of dietary manganese is absorbed.
Deficiency
Manganese deficiency is rare. Marginal deficiency may play a role in osteoporosis and diabetes.
Sources
Good sources of manganese include nuts, whole grains, dark green leafy vegetables and tea. The manganese content of food varies with the location in which the food is grown. The table on page 280 can be used as a guide.
Daily recommended dietary intakes
A safe and adequate daily intake is estimated to be around 2 to 5 mg.
Toxic effects of excess intake
Toxic effects from oral manganese are rare.
Therapeutic uses of supplements
Manganese supplements have been used to treat inflammatory conditions, fatigue, mental disorders, epilepsy and diabetes.
Interactions
High intakes of calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, iron, copper and zinc may inhibit manganese absorption.